FDM / FFF · CASE-STUDY EVIDENCE

FDM tensile case study

This page isolates the tensile-test evidence from the core FDM process guide. It reports the exact experimental setup and the ASA, PLA and PETG results used in the guide's discussion of orientation effects.

Back to the FDM guide ←Compare FDM materials

Evidence boundaryThese measurements belong to one controlled experiment. They are not design allowables, production qualification data or a substitute for Workpiece manufacturing review.

STANDARDASTM D638 Type I

Tensile specimens tested at 1 mm/min crosshead speed.

MATERIALSASA · PLA · PETG

Two specimens were tested in each reported orientation for each material.

ORIENTATIONSVertical · Horizontal

The comparison isolates the orientation dependence observed in this specific experiment.

01 · EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

Printer and specimen settings

The reported values depend on the complete test condition, not only the polymer name. The machine, nozzle, layer height, walls, infill, raster and test speed all belong to the evidence boundary.

Printer: Creality Ender 3 Pro
Nozzle / layer: 0.4 mm / 0.32 mm
Walls / infill: 5 / 100%
Raster: +45° / −45°
Test standard: ASTM D638 Type I
Crosshead speed: 1 mm/min

Source boundary: values below come from one documented 2022 experiment. Material brand, temperature, enclosure, geometry and toolpath are part of the result.

02 · RESULTS

Tensile results by material and orientation

The table preserves the measured values as experimental evidence. Use it to understand the orientation effect in this test, not as a general-purpose design table.

VerticalHorizontal

ASA

10.95 MPa22.00 MPa

PLA

11.54 MPa22.00 MPa

PETG

22.65 MPa35.85 MPa

Tensile case-study results
Material	Orientation	Max stress	Max strain	Elastic modulus
ASA	Vertical	10.95 MPa	2.41%	723.7 MPa
ASA	Horizontal	22.00 MPa	37.69%	1097.7 MPa
PLA	Vertical	11.54 MPa	1.01%	1458.6 MPa
PLA	Horizontal	22.00 MPa	37.69%	2028.3 MPa
PETG	Vertical	22.65 MPa	2.20%	1266.6 MPa
PETG	Horizontal	35.85 MPa	11.58%	1598.5 MPa

On small screens, swipe the table horizontally to see all measured properties.

Return to part structure and orientation ←Review anisotropy and layer adhesion

CORE PROCESS GUIDEFDM / FFF material extrusion →

Return to deposition, flow, layer height, supports and build orientation.

ENGINEERING TERMSAnisotropy and layer adhesion →

Review the mechanical terms used when interpreting orientation-dependent results.

MATERIAL SELECTIONCompare FDM materials →

Use grade-specific data where available and keep process orientation in the comparison.